feat(backend): detalle ORCID en export y sync sin borrar datos

Enriquece obras al exportar SWORD/ZIP, pide detalle en obras nuevas (con tope), preserva campos de detalle en re-sync y desenvuelve la respuesta work de ORCID.

backend/app/services/publication_enrichment.py

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+"""
+Enriquecimiento de publicaciones desde ORCID (/work/{put_code}).
+
+- Sync rápido: solo resumen de /works; no pisa campos de detalle ya guardados.
+- Publicaciones nuevas en sync: se pide detalle siempre (pocas por ciclo).
+- Exportación: se completa detalle solo de las obras que se van a descargar.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor, as_completed
+from typing import Iterable, List
+
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
+
+from app.db.models import Publication, Researcher
+from app.services.normalizer import PublicationNormalizer
+from app.services.orcid_client import get_orcid_client
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("app.services.publication_enrichment")
+
+# Campos que solo suelen venir del GET /work/{put_code}
+DETAIL_ONLY_FIELDS = (
+    "subtitle",
+    "citation_type",
+    "citation_value",
+    "language_code",
+    "country",
+    "external_ids",
+    "contributors",
+)
+
+UPDATABLE_FIELDS = (
+    "title",
+    "subtitle",
+    "type",
+    "journal",
+    "pub_year",
+    "pub_month",
+    "pub_day",
+    "doi",
+    "url",
+    "short_description",
+    "citation_type",
+    "citation_value",
+    "language_code",
+    "country",
+    "external_ids",
+    "contributors",
+)
+
+
+def publication_lacks_detail(pub: Publication) -> bool:
+    """True si nunca se guardó detalle ORCID (contribuidores/cita/ids extendidos)."""
+    return (
+        pub.contributors is None
+        and pub.citation_value is None
+        and pub.external_ids is None
+        and pub.subtitle is None
+    )
+
+
+def apply_publication_data(
+    pub: Publication,
+    data: dict,
+    *,
+    preserve_detail_if_missing: bool,
+) -> None:
+    for field in UPDATABLE_FIELDS:
+        value = data.get(field)
+        if (
+            preserve_detail_if_missing
+            and field in DETAIL_ONLY_FIELDS
+            and value is None
+        ):
+            continue
+        setattr(pub, field, value)
+
+
+def _summary_by_put_code(works_payload: dict) -> dict[int, dict]:
+    out: dict[int, dict] = {}
+    for group in works_payload.get("group", []) or []:
+        summaries = group.get("work-summary") or []
+        if not summaries:
+            continue
+        summary = summaries[0]
+        put_code = summary.get("put-code")
+        if put_code is not None:
+            out[int(put_code)] = summary
+    return out
+
+
+def _fetch_detail_safe(orcid_id: str, put_code: int) -> dict | None:
+    try:
+        return get_orcid_client().fetch_work_detail(orcid_id, put_code)
+    except Exception:
+        logger.exception("ORCID work detail failed orcid=%s put_code=%s", orcid_id, put_code)
+        return None
+
+
+def enrich_publications_from_orcid(
+    db: Session,
+    researcher: Researcher,
+    publications: Iterable[Publication],
+    *,
+    max_workers: int = 6,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Completa en BD (y en memoria) el detalle ORCID de obras que aún no lo tienen.
+    Solo actúa sobre publicaciones pasadas en `publications` (p. ej. las que se exportan).
+    """
+    to_enrich = [p for p in publications if publication_lacks_detail(p)]
+    if not to_enrich:
+        return
+
+    orcid_id = researcher.orcid_id
+    client = get_orcid_client()
+    try:
+        works = client.fetch_works(orcid_id)
+    except Exception:
+        logger.exception("Could not fetch ORCID works for enrichment orcid=%s", orcid_id)
+        return
+
+    summaries = _summary_by_put_code(works)
+    put_codes = [p.put_code for p in to_enrich if p.put_code in summaries]
+    if not put_codes:
+        return
+
+    details: dict[int, dict | None] = {}
+    workers = max(1, min(max_workers, len(put_codes)))
+    with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=workers) as pool:
+        futures = {
+            pool.submit(_fetch_detail_safe, orcid_id, pc): pc for pc in put_codes
+        }
+        for fut in as_completed(futures):
+            pc = futures[fut]
+            details[pc] = fut.result()
+
+    for pub in to_enrich:
+        summary = summaries.get(pub.put_code)
+        if not summary:
+            continue
+        detail = details.get(pub.put_code)
+        if not detail:
+            continue
+        data = PublicationNormalizer.normalize(summary, detail)
+        apply_publication_data(pub, data, preserve_detail_if_missing=False)
+
+    db.commit()
+    for pub in to_enrich:
+        db.refresh(pub)